Keeping an aquarium is an ongoing responsibility. It needs care and attention on a day-to-day basis. If you take care of aquarium hygiene, and health of each and every fish, you can enjoy the beauty of your aquarium for a long period of time. Looking for diseased fish is an important aspect of aquarium care. A single fish, suffering from some sort of infectious disease, may spoil the health of all the fish present in the aquarium. Therefore, it is very important to find, and remove if required, the infected fish from the aquarium.Common Aquarium Fish Diseases
Bacterial Diseases: There are innumerable bacteria which can affect aquarium fish. The bacterium Mycobacterium causes tuberculosis. The affected fish may lose color and get hollow-bellied. It becomes lifeless and often crippled with one of the spines bent. It may develop ulcers on the underside of the skin, which may rupture causing open sores or 'pop-eye'. Another bacterium called Aeromonas affects aquarium fish. The disease caused by it is called dropsy. The diseased fish show some characteristic signs of dropsy. It has protruding scales, pale gills, bulging eyes, and its body cavity is filled with fluid. It may have red patches on its skin. The bacterium Pseudomonas cause 'fin rot' disease in aquarium fish. The affected fish has discolored fins. If the fish is not treated on time, its fins may start to disintegrate. The fish becomes more prone to fungal infections.
Fungal Diseases: Many kinds of fungal infections are life-threatening to aquarium fish. Fungi, Saprolegnia and Achlya, cause a disease called 'cotton wool disease'. There occurs a cotton wool like white fluffs on the skin, fins and mouth. A fungal disease, gill rot, is caused by Branchiomyces. The affected fish has gills that are covered with mucus. The gills also appear mottled in appearance. This particular fungal disease occurs in stressed aquariums with high levels of ammonia or nitrate. A common fungal infection of aquarium fish is Ichthyo sporidiosis. It is caused by Ichthyophonus hoferi. The fish suffering from this disease develops small, round, ulcerated, balck-colored granulomas on the skin. It often shows scoliosis. On internal examination, numerous granulomas are present in several visceral organs.
Viral Diseases: Lymphocystis is a common viral disease in both marine and freshwater fish. The commonly affected fish are cichlids and gouramis. Lymphocystis is not infectious in nature. It mostly develops as a response to poor environmental conditions. Poor aquarium conditions, especially water quality, is held responsible for initiating Lymphocystis. The affected fish develop wart like growths on its fins. These growths often have light brown coloration and a rough, cauliflower like texture. Another common viral aquarium fish disease is Dwarf Gourami Iridovirus (DGIV). The diseased fish show discoloration of the skin, loss of appetite and reluctance to move. It may or may not develop sores and lesions on the body.
Non-infectious Diseases: There are some non-infectious aquarium fish disease. They are caused by environmental, nutritional and genetic factors. Some of the environmental factors are high amounts of ammonia, high levels of nitrite, low level of oxygen or toxins in the aquarium. The main nutritional factors leading to diseases is deficiency of vitamins like vitamin C. Genetic abnormalities include lack of a tail or presence of an extra tail.
Now, you know characteristic symptoms of some commonly occurring aquarium fish diseases. Make use of the given information to the fullest to let nature flourish at your home.
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